Computer Networks

What is a network?

A network is a a group of two or more computers connected together for the purpose of sharing data. A network allows the computers to share files, message each other and even share a single printer. Network connections can be made by using modem (telephone lines), wires or by WiFi (radio signals).

Types of Networks

LAN - LAN stands for Local Area Network. A Local Area Network is a network that would usually belong to small businesses or organizations. It is the simplest type of network. A LAN can reach as many as 1000 users.

WLAN - WLAN stands for Wireless Local Area Network. A WLAN uses a wireless switch or router in order to make the computers get connected to the internet. A WLAN is a connection made through short distances by using WiFi or a router.

WAN - A Wide Area Network can be used over a large area. A WAN usually consists of two or more Local Area Network. A WAN is much more expensive than LANs.

Types Of Network Topologies

Bus Network - A bus network is connected to a long, single cable. A bus network transmits data in only one direction. The advantages of a bus network are; it's cheap to install, easy to expand, easy to understand and it is only used in small networks. Disadvantages of a bus network are; it is slow, the cable has limited length and if there is a break in the system, the whole network falls apart.

Ring Network - A ring topology is connected to a loop of cable which forms a ring as each of the computers are connected to other computers. Advantages of a ring network is that is is cheap and when you transfer data it does not get affected by high traffic. The disadvantages of a ring network is that it is difficult to troubleshoot, adding or removing computers from the network is quite difficult and if there is a failure in the network, it disturbs the whole system.

Tree Network - A tree network is a network using a hierarchy structure. The minimum number of the hierarchy is three levels. It is similar to a bus and star topology. A tree topology is set up using a star network connected to another star network.